go路由库httprouter

安装

go get github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter

使用样例

RESTful API样例。使用还是非常简单方便的。

package main

import (
	"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
	"net/http"
	"fmt"
	"./controllers"
	"log"
)

func handlerIndex(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ httprouter.Params) {
	fmt.Fprint(w, "Welcome!\n")
}

func main() {
	// Instantiate a new router
	router := httprouter.New()

	router.GET("/", handlerIndex)

	// Get a UserController instance
	uc := controllers.NewUserController()
	// Get a user resource
	router.GET("/users/:id", uc.GetUser)
	router.POST("/users/", uc.CreateUser)
	router.DELETE("/users/:id", uc.RemoveUser)
	router.PUT("/users/:todoid", uc.ModifyUser)

	// Fire up the server
	log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe("localhost:3000", router))
}

controllerUser.go

package controllers

import (
	"net/http"
	"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"

	"../models"
)

type (
	// UserController represents the controller for operating on the User resource
	UserController struct{}
)

func NewUserController() *UserController {
	return &UserController{}
}

// GetUser retrieves an individual user resource
func (uc UserController) GetUser(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, p httprouter.Params) {
	// Stub an example user
	u := models.User{
		Name:   "Bob Smith",
		Gender: "male",
		Age:    50,
		Id:     p.ByName("id"),
	}

	// Marshal provided interface into JSON structure
	uj, _ := json.Marshal(u)

	// Write content-type, statuscode, payload
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	w.WriteHeader(200)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", uj)
}

// CreateUser creates a new user resource
func (uc UserController) CreateUser(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, p httprouter.Params) {
	// Stub an user to be populated from the body
	u := models.User{}

	// Populate the user data
	json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&u)

	// Add an Id
	u.Id = "foo"

	// Marshal provided interface into JSON structure
	uj, _ := json.Marshal(u)

	// Write content-type, statuscode, payload
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	w.WriteHeader(201)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", uj)
}

// RemoveUser removes an existing user resource
func (uc UserController) RemoveUser(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, p httprouter.Params) {
	// TODO: only write status for now
	panic("test")
	w.WriteHeader(200)
}

func (uc UserController) ModifyUser(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, p httprouter.Params)  {
	// Stub an user to be populated from the body
	u := models.User{}

	// Populate the user data
	json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&u)

	// Add an Id
	u.Id = "foo"

	// Marshal provided interface into JSON structure
	uj, _ := json.Marshal(u)

	// Write content-type, statuscode, payload
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	w.WriteHeader(201)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s", uj)
}

modelUser.go

package models

type (
	// User represents the structure of our resource
	User struct {
		Name   string `json:"name"`
		Gender string `json:"gender"`
		Age    int    `json:"age"`
		Id     string `json:"id"`
	}
)