英语基础语法-09副词

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副词Adverbes用来修饰动词，形容词或其他的副词。与形容词修饰名词类似。
修饰表示增加或修改一个词的含义。
副词告诉我们一个动作是如何发生的。例如：where, when or how it occurs。副词会让我们的演讲和写作更加有趣，更加精确，更加有价值。

很多的副词都以’ly’结尾。
貌似副词的功能很多的说，需要重点掌握一下。

简单的介绍一下种类，这里不细说。似乎有点吓人，这货简直无处不在。对于这样的词类一定要重点关照。

  • 时间副词：now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately; An idea $\underline{suddenly}$ struck me.我心中忽然产生一个念头
  • 地点副词：here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home;I am considering going $\underline{abroad}$.我正在考虑出国。
  • 方式副词：quietly, heavily, warmly, carefully, happily;Look at the picture $\underline{carefully}$.仔细看这幅画
  • 频度副词：always, usually, often, frequently, constantly, occasionally;Sometimes he gets up $\underline{early}$.他有时起得早
  • 程度副词：fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too;The film was $\underline{quite}$ good.这个电影不错
  • 焦点副词：就是通过强调使之成为人们注意的焦点的副词only, alone, also, even, just, merely, simply;$\underline{Only}$ Tom knows the answer.只有汤姆知道答案
  • 连接副词：这类副词有相当于并列连词的therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, furthermore;I don’t want to go out now, and $\underline{besides}$, I must work.我现在不想出去，而且我还得工作
  • 关系副词：就是引导定语从句的when, where, why等；e.g. This is the factory where his father works.
  • 疑问副词：就是用于引出特殊疑问句的when, where, why, how等；e.g. When will he be back?
  • 句子副词：就是修饰整个句子，表达说话人的观点态度的副词，常见的有frankly, honestly, clearly, obviously, evidently；e.g. Frankly, I am not satisfied with your work.

副词可以为动词提供更多的信息。

  • The fire engine runs $\underline{fast}$.
  • Listen to his speech $\underline{carefully}$.
  • I browse the web $\underline{frequently}$.
  • It rained $\underline{hard}$.

副词可以为形容词提供更多的信息

  • The news is $\underline{very surprising}$!
  • The coffee is $\underline{extremely}$ hot, so be careful.
  • Nature is $\underline{really}$ amazing!

副词可以为其他副词提供更多的信息

  • It rains $\underline{very hard}$.
  • Computers run $\underline{much faster}$ these days.
  • I clean my room $\underline{less frequently}$ because I am busy.

通常形容词可以通过在尾部追加’ly’变成副词。

  • slow – slowly
  • quick – quickly
  • comfortable – comfortably
  • loud – loudly
  • clear – clearly

对于以’y’结尾的形容词，把’y’变成’i’然后在添加’ly’

  • happy – happily
  • easy – easily

练习

选择正确的单词形式

  1. I spoke to you (careful, carefully) last time.
  2. We talked about it (clear, clearly).
  3. I sat on the (comfortable, comfortably) sofa.
  4. My dog runs very (fast, faster).
  5. Let’s install the new program (quick, quickly).

答案：

  1. carefully
  2. clearly
  3. comfortable
  4. fast
  5. quickly