英语基础语法-07形容词

形容词(Adjectives)

描述或者修饰名词

I like fairy tales. A fairy tale is an $\underline{imaginary}$ story that has $\underline{unrealistic}$ characters in a $\underline{fantastic}$ background. It makes me forget about the $\underline{real}$ world and refreshes my $\underline{tired}$ mind.

通常形容词都是直接出现在名词的前面。

  • A $\underline{pretty}$ girl
  • $\underline{Red}$ flowers
  • A $\underline{long}$ stick
  • $\underline{Heavy}$ boxes
  • $\underline{Warm}$ weather

通常形容词的反义词是通过添加一个前缀来表示的例如:un,in,dis

  • clear – unclear, important – unimportant, predictable – unpredictable, believable – unbelievable, common – uncommon, aware – unaware, ambiguous – unambiguous, conventional – unconventional, certain – uncertain
  • definite – indefinite, correct – incorrect, comparable – incomparable, complete – incomplete, evitable – inevitable, expensive – inexpensive
  • able – disable, assemble – disassemble, content – discontent, similar – dissimilar

当使用一系列的形容词时,应当注意保持一定的顺序,多于两个的时候可以使用逗号’,’来分隔

size/shape + age + color + origin + material

  • A big brown house
  • A small old English desk
  • A beautiful black Italian leather purse
  • Delicious Chinese food

深入理解平等形容词(Coordinate adjectives)和累计形容词(cumulative adjectives)

上面翻译的中文不一定是对的,因为不是英语专业,不知道翻译过来是什么词,只是直译了过来。理解意思就可以了。

There are big, scary $\underline{monsters}$.
There are big $\underline{scary monsters}$

上面的两个句子,差别在于逗号‘,’,有逗号的两个形容词在重要性上大致是平等的。都是用来形容怪物的,大的怪物,可怕的怪物。
平等形容词可以使用and来连接,也可以交换顺序。
没有逗号的句子,前面的形容词是用来形容后面的形容词+名词的,大的可怕的怪物。不是小的可怕的怪物。
这就是coordinate & cumulative adjectives在使用上的细微差别。

the + 形容词表示一类或一组人,做名词

  • the old, the young, the poor, the rich, the oppressed, the homeless, etc.
  • This popular TV show is loved by the old.

练习

使用前缀写出合适的反义词

  1. Clear –
  2. Definite –
  3. Correct –
  4. Expensive –
  5. Complete –

找出下面句子中的形容词

In the spring, red roses blossom in my cute small garden. The beautiful birds also sing in the big oak tree.